Educação superior no Brasil
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Arquivos
Data
2013
Tipo de documento
Dissertação
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências Humanas
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
Mello, Estefania Tumenas
Orientador
Bollmann, Maria da Graça Nóbrega
Coorientador
Resumo
As discussões sobre o acesso e permanência à Educação Superior e as tentativas de ampliação vêm ganhando intensidade no Brasil. Principalmente através de algumas políticas educativas, houve um crescimento no acesso ao nível superior. Este estudo busca desvelar fatores que interferem no acesso e na permanência de jovens nas Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES), no âmbito das metas do Plano Nacional da Educação (PNE 2001 - 2011), que previa 30% de jovens entre 18 a 24 anos no ensino superior até 2011, mas somente 14,4% acessaram, em 2009. Desta forma, analisamos alguns fatores que dificultam, ou até impedem, o acesso ao nível superior, como o analfabetismo, a situação socioeconômica, a relação idade versus nível escolar e a frequência e qualidade do Ensino Médio. Consideramos também, como forma de aumentar o numero de jovens na Educação Superior, algumas políticas de acesso, e elegemos, dentre outras políticas, o Programa Universidade para Todos (ProUni), que oferece bolsas de estudos à estudantes de baixa renda, e o programa de Cotas universidades, como política afirmativa para a inclusão por etnia. Para a compreensão do atual contexto, discutimos os rebatimentos da globalização na educação e na universidade, e fizemos uma recapitulação da história da criação da universidade brasileira, como uma forma de entender os reflexos do acesso e da permanência nas IES. Para a realização desta pesquisa, optamos por trabalhar no campo do materialismo histórico-dialético, e nos servimos da análise bibliográfica, análise documental e dados quantitativos oficiais.
The discussion about the access and permanence to Higher Education in Brazil and the attempts to expand has been more intense. Through some educational politics, there was a growth in the access to higher level of education. This study searches factors that interfere in the access of youth in Higher Education Institutions in the scope of the National Educational Plan (PNE- 2001 - 2011) that predicted that 30% of the youth aging 18 to 24 would be in Higher Education until 2011, but only 14,4% have accessed in 2009. Though, we analyzed some factors that made it difficult the access to higher studies, as illiteracy, social and economic situation, the disparity of age versus school level and the attendance and quality of High school. We also considered, as a way to expand the number of youth in Higher Education, some politics of access, and we elected, among many politics, the University for all Program (ProUni), that offers scholarships for lower profits students, and the Quotes in University, as an Affirmative Politic for inclusion. To comprehend the actual context, we discuss the repercussions of globalization in education and university, and we did a recapitulation of the history of the first Brazilian university, as a way to understand the reflex of access to Higher Education Institutions. For this research, we opted to work in the field of historical dialectic materialism, and we used bibliographical analyzes, document analyzes and official quantitative data.
The discussion about the access and permanence to Higher Education in Brazil and the attempts to expand has been more intense. Through some educational politics, there was a growth in the access to higher level of education. This study searches factors that interfere in the access of youth in Higher Education Institutions in the scope of the National Educational Plan (PNE- 2001 - 2011) that predicted that 30% of the youth aging 18 to 24 would be in Higher Education until 2011, but only 14,4% have accessed in 2009. Though, we analyzed some factors that made it difficult the access to higher studies, as illiteracy, social and economic situation, the disparity of age versus school level and the attendance and quality of High school. We also considered, as a way to expand the number of youth in Higher Education, some politics of access, and we elected, among many politics, the University for all Program (ProUni), that offers scholarships for lower profits students, and the Quotes in University, as an Affirmative Politic for inclusion. To comprehend the actual context, we discuss the repercussions of globalization in education and university, and we did a recapitulation of the history of the first Brazilian university, as a way to understand the reflex of access to Higher Education Institutions. For this research, we opted to work in the field of historical dialectic materialism, and we used bibliographical analyzes, document analyzes and official quantitative data.
Palavras-chave
Educação e Estado, Ensino superior, Educação permanente