Juventude rural, gênero e educação
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Arquivos
Data
2015
Tipo de documento
Dissertação
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências Humanas
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
Volpato, Teresinha Baldo
Orientador
Cruz, Tânia Mara
Coorientador
Resumo
A presente pesquisa pretende refletir sobre a juventude rural, as imbricações entre educação e trabalho e, quando possível, articulando-as com as relações de gênero, junto a jovens rurais do município de São Ludgero, no sul do estado de Santa Catarina. Com uma população de 10.993 habitantes, o município caracteriza-se pela presença de indústrias urbanas com um setor industrial vinculado ao campo e uma parcela de 10% que vive no campo sustentando-se por meio da agricultura familiar. Além disso, caracteriza-se por determinado número de jovens que vivem no campo, mas conciliam trabalho na agricultura familiar com trabalho urbano, formando o fenômeno designado como pluriatividade. O problema de pesquisa investigou como estes jovens vivenciam suas experiências no conjunto de suas relações sociais (família, escola, trabalho, amizade e namoro) e como compõem seus projetos de futuro. O objetivo geral foi compreender e analisar o contexto sociocultural do jovem rural na região de São Ludgero, quais as variáveis, principalmente relativas a trabalho, educação e, quando possível, de gênero, que permearam a construção de seus projetos de futuro. Os objetivos específicos pautaram-se em: caracterizar os aspectos que compõem o cotidiano do jovem rural; mapear as ações de educação disponíveis a eles e a forma como usufruem dessas ações; analisar como as relações de trabalho e de gênero aparecem em suas narrativas. Os instrumentos de pesquisa utilizados foram: a entrevista, com roteiro semiestruturado, e a pesquisa bibliográfica. Ao todo foram entrevistados 22 jovens, residentes na área rural, que concluíram o Ensino Médio na Escola de Educação Básica de São Ludgero, entre os anos de 2009 a 2014. Além desses critérios, a seleção da amostra também levou em conta que fossem jovens que estivessem na faixa etária de 18 a 24 anos no momento da pesquisa, residissem na área rural de São Ludgero, trabalhassem, no mínimo, meio período na propriedade rural, e fossem solteiros(as). Tanto no decorrer da pesquisa quanto no processo de análise, buscou-se compreender as contradições e o movimento dialético, sempre levando em conta as articulações entre economia e cultura, tanto no âmbito local quanto em suas relações mais abrangentes na sociedade contemporânea, para isso construindo um diálogo entre o real e os estudos já produzidos sobre a área de pesquisa. Entre os resultados, constatou-se que persiste no campo uma tendência para a divisão sexual do trabalho generificada: os rapazes têm mais chances de permanecer e dar continuidade às atividades da propriedade; as moças não almejam relacionamentos que as condicione a permanecer no campo, pois em seus projetos de futuro pretendem cursar universidade e, de preferência, trabalhar na cidade. A educação demonstrou ser um fator importante para os(as) jovens, tanto para sair quanto para permanecer, mas em ambos os casos está bem aquém das suas necessidades, pela pouca disponibilidade de vagas no ensino público superior gratuito, ou falta de cursos superiores ou técnicos vinculados à realidade agroindustrial do município.
This research intends to reflect on the rural youth and their imbrications between education and work, and where possible, articulating them with the relation of gender, along with rural youth in São Ludgero, a city located in the southern state of Santa Catarina. This small city of 10.993 inhabitants is characterized by the presence of urban industries with an industrial sector linked to the field and whose small portion of 10% living in the countryside is sustained through family agriculture. Moreover, it is characterized by a number of young people living in the field combining work in family farming work and urban work, a phenomenon referred to as pluriactivity. The research problem was how to get these young people experience their experiences in the set of social relationships (family, school, work, friendship and dating) and how they made up their future projects. The main objective was to understand and analyze the socio-cultural context of the rural youth in the region of São Ludgero and which variables, mainly related to work, education, e when possible, gender, permeated the construction of its future projects. The specific objectives were based on: characterize the daily life concepts of the rural youth; map out how the education activities are available to them and if they enjoy these actions; and examine how the work and gender relationships appear in their narratives. Research instruments used were semi-structured interview and literature. In total, 22 young people were interviewed, all residents of rural area who have concluded the high school in the São Ludgero Basic Education School between 2009 and 2014. In addition to these criteria, sample selection also took into account that they were between 18 and 24 years old at the time of the survey, resided in São Ludgero rural area; worked at least part-time in a farm and were unmarried. Both during the research and the analysis process sought to understand the contradictions and the dialectical movement, always taking into account the links between economy and culture both locally and in its broader relations in contemporary society, for that building a dialogue between reality and the studies that have already been produced over the search area. Among the results, it was found out that persist in the field a tendency for the gendered division of labor; boys are more likely to stay in the farm and continue the activities of the property; and the girls do not aspire relationships that condition the stay on the field because in their future projects intend to attend university and preferably working in the city. Education proved to be an important factor for the young people, both to leave and remain in the field, but in both cases it falls short of their needs because of the limited availability of free public higher education, or lack of higher or technical courses linked to agro-industrial reality of the city.
This research intends to reflect on the rural youth and their imbrications between education and work, and where possible, articulating them with the relation of gender, along with rural youth in São Ludgero, a city located in the southern state of Santa Catarina. This small city of 10.993 inhabitants is characterized by the presence of urban industries with an industrial sector linked to the field and whose small portion of 10% living in the countryside is sustained through family agriculture. Moreover, it is characterized by a number of young people living in the field combining work in family farming work and urban work, a phenomenon referred to as pluriactivity. The research problem was how to get these young people experience their experiences in the set of social relationships (family, school, work, friendship and dating) and how they made up their future projects. The main objective was to understand and analyze the socio-cultural context of the rural youth in the region of São Ludgero and which variables, mainly related to work, education, e when possible, gender, permeated the construction of its future projects. The specific objectives were based on: characterize the daily life concepts of the rural youth; map out how the education activities are available to them and if they enjoy these actions; and examine how the work and gender relationships appear in their narratives. Research instruments used were semi-structured interview and literature. In total, 22 young people were interviewed, all residents of rural area who have concluded the high school in the São Ludgero Basic Education School between 2009 and 2014. In addition to these criteria, sample selection also took into account that they were between 18 and 24 years old at the time of the survey, resided in São Ludgero rural area; worked at least part-time in a farm and were unmarried. Both during the research and the analysis process sought to understand the contradictions and the dialectical movement, always taking into account the links between economy and culture both locally and in its broader relations in contemporary society, for that building a dialogue between reality and the studies that have already been produced over the search area. Among the results, it was found out that persist in the field a tendency for the gendered division of labor; boys are more likely to stay in the farm and continue the activities of the property; and the girls do not aspire relationships that condition the stay on the field because in their future projects intend to attend university and preferably working in the city. Education proved to be an important factor for the young people, both to leave and remain in the field, but in both cases it falls short of their needs because of the limited availability of free public higher education, or lack of higher or technical courses linked to agro-industrial reality of the city.
Palavras-chave
Juventude - Aspectos sociais, Juventude rural, Educação - Santa Catarina, Identidade de gênero